Git is a version control system that maintains track of the project. It makes switching between various versions of the project. It helps in undoing errors and modifications.

Why We Use Git?

Git is a version control system. If we make a mistake, we can't undo it without a version control system. We're losing track of what we changed. We can still handle these things when we're working alone, but it will be a mess when we work with other people on the same job. The other person can't see what and where we've changed, and none of us can see what and where they have changed.

• It keeps the project on track.

• We can revert the changes.

• Helps in collaboration work

Core Terminologies

Repository (repo)

A repository is a complete folder that contains the entire project as well as its Git history.

Commit

Commit is basically saving the changes to the files.

Branch

The branch is like a separate workspace where we can make changes and try new ideas without affecting the main project.

Head

Head is a special pointer that acts as a reference to the commit I am currently working on.

Common Git Commands

git init

git init creates a repository along with the .git folder, which is responsible for tracking the changes in the project files.

git init #Initialize the repository

git add

git add stages the changes and prepares them for the commit.

git add filename #add only one untracked and modified file
git add . #add all untracked and modified files

git commit

Save the changes permanently.

git commit -m"commit message" #It commits all the changes

git log

It shows the history of commits.

git log

git status

git status shows what is going on right now in the repo.

git status #Show the status

Frequently Used Git Commands

git status #Check the status of unstaged changes
git init #Initialize a new Git repository
git add filename or 
git add .    # Stage files for commit
git commit -m "Your message here" #Commit local with a meaningful message
git push origin main # Push changes to remote
git log #View commit history